An Enhanced Reconfiguration for Solar Panel Arrays for Power Optimization Using Automated Power Switching System

Umar Sadiq Abubakar, Sanusi Akem Olawale, Mohamad Uthman

Abstract


This study develops and validates an enhanced dynamic reconfiguration system for Photovoltaic (PV) arrays aimed at overcoming mismatch losses caused by partial shading and uneven irradiance, which significantly reduce power output in conventional fixed configurations. The developed system integrates a 9×9 Multistage Solar Matrix (MSM) partitioning scheme with an intelligent 4×4 switching matrix, enabling automated transitions between series, parallel, and hybrid configurations based on real-time voltage current measurements and mathematical power models. The framework incorporates panel-level monitoring, switching logic, and maximum power point determination to ensure optimal configuration selection under varying operating conditions. Simulation analyses across four shading cases demonstrated clear performance superiority of the Enhanced-MSM configuration compared to Series-Only and Parallel-Only arrangements. For Case 3, the enhanced system achieved 6.75% improvement under Pattern I and 7.22% under Pattern II, while in Case 15, improvement values of 6.06% (Pattern I) and 6.85% (Pattern II) were recorded over the existing MSM scheme. The adaptive and intelligent system enhances power extraction, reduces electrical stress and overheating, ensures stable operation, extends system lifespan, and supports future integration with IoT, AI-based control, and large-scale energy management systems.


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References


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