Impact of Channel Availability on Fairness, Access Rate, and Spectral Efficiency in D2D-Enabled NOMA Networks Using Utility-Based Resource Allocation

Yahya Ameen Ameen, Ezekiel Ehime Agbon, Aliyu Danjuma Usman, Bebeji Ibrahim Abdulkareem, Quadri Temitope Azeez

Abstract


Efficient channel utilization is a critical challenge in device-to-device (D2D) enabled non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) networks due to the increasing demand for spectrum resources and the need to support a large number of users. This paper investigates the impact of channel availability on network performance using a utility-based resource allocation framework. The developed scheme integrates utility-driven D2D user association with adaptive power allocation to improve spectrum utilization while satisfying signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) and interference constraints. The performance of the proposed algorithm is evaluated under varying numbers of available channels using three key metrics: Jain’s fairness index, access rate, and spectral efficiency. Simulation results demonstrate that increasing the number of channels significantly enhances user admission capability and overall spectrum utilization. The developed utility-based approach achieves higher fairness among users, improves access rate by reducing channel contention, and provides superior spectral efficiency compared with the baseline D2D-NOMA resource allocation scheme. These findings confirm that channel availability plays a crucial role in the performance of D2D-enabled NOMA networks and that utility-based resource allocation offers an effective strategy for balancing fairness and spectrum efficiency in dense wireless environments. 


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References


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