Adaptive Strategies for Enhancing Nigeria Power System Resilience to Heavy Rain, Flooding and Thunderstorms

Uzoma Joseph Ebuka, A. E. Airoboman, Ozioko Ugochukwu Jerald, Ikechukwu Ogbodick

Abstract


Nigeria’s power grid frequently experiences outages during heavy rainfall, lightning, and thunderstorms, causing significant economic losses. Despite efforts by the Transmission Company of Nigeria (TCN) to improve protection schemes, conventional static relays lack real-time adaptability to dynamic weather conditions. This study proposes adaptive strategies to enhance grid resilience, focusing on Dynamic Line Rating (DLR) and Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS) devices. Using a transmission line segment of the IEEE 30-bus system, simulated in MATLAB/Simulink, weather-related faults were induced and protected with static relays, followed by DLR-based FACTS devices. Results show that DLR reduces fault-clearing time by 30–50% and improves system reliability compared to static relays, demonstrating its potential as a cost-effective solution for weather-resilient power system operations in Nigeria. These simulation-based findings provide a foundation for implementing adaptive technologies in Nigeria’s grid, despite challenges in real-time infrastructure deployment. 


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