Bioinformatics Analysis of Non-Synonymous Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms Substitution in PRL Gene of Goats

Halilu A., Yakubu A, Musa I. S., Gambo D., Henry A. J.

Abstract


The present investigation aimed at identifying deleterious non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms (nsSNPs) in prolactin gene of goats using a bioinformatics analysis. Amino acid sequence data of the PRL proteins of goats were retrieved from the National Centre for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) database. Bioinformatics prediction algorithms used for the detection of deleterious nsSNPs were SIFT, PANTHER, SNPs & Go and PhD-SNP program. A total of 5 nsSNPs were obtained from the aligned sequences of PRL of goats, out of which three (M111K, H127Y and H127P) variants were predicted to be deleterious by three out of the four algorithms. The substitution (M111K) in goats was found to decrease protein stability while H127Y and H127P were found to increases stability. Further confirmatory analysis also revealed that these variants including the Cmutant were highly deleterious as there were marked differences between them and the native protein in terms of physico-chemical properties, total free energy, interacting residues and secondary structure. These may distort PRL protein structural landscape and function. The phylogenetic tree revealed species-wise clustering of the PRL sequences. Impact of the identified deleterious nsSNPs (M111K, H127Y and H127P) on goat productivity and health should be investigated in further studies. The deleterious nsSNPs when validated in large populations using wet lab experimental protocols could be important biological markers for to increase meat and milk production. 


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