Effect of Sheep Manure on Growth and Yield of Cowpea Varieties Infected with Alectra Vogelii

Salihu M. U., Alonge S. O., Muhammad I. U., Magaji D. D., Onobo Y. I., Oludare T. T.

Abstract


This research was carried out on the effect of some animal wastes (manure) on growth and yield of cowpea varieties and Alectra infestation on Alectra inoculated soil. Two trials of pots experiments were conducted in the screen house, Department of Soil Science, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria. Sheep manures were applied at the rate of 15, 30 and 45kgN/ha with control (soil without Alectra inoculation). Cowpea varieties SAMPEA 7, SAMPEA 9 and SAMPEA 14 were planted in nylon bags of (20 x 18.9 cm) which served as pots for the experiment. All the pot soils (except the control) were inoculated with Alectra seeds. The treatments were laid out in completely randomize design. The cowpea plants were sampled for growth parameters at 5, 7 and 9 WAP. The parameters evaluated for vegetative growth include Plant height, Number of leaves, Number of branches, Number of root nodules, Root length, Shoot fresh weight and Root fresh weight, and yield parameters were Pods number, Pods weight, Seeds number, Seeds weight and 100 seeds weight. The result showed that, application of manures generally enhanced the vegetative growth parameters of cowpea varieties on most sampling dates, with the highest values recorded at 45kgN/ha followed by 30kgN/ha on most of the parameters evaluated while in most cases 15kgN/ha and control produced the lowest values in growth parameters in both Trials. In Trial I, the plant height, number of leaves and branches was observed to be higher in variety SAMPEA 9 than the lowest recorded in variety SAMPEA 7. In Trial I, sheep manure treatment resulted in significantly higher values in each yield parameters (except seed weight). Variety SAMPEA 14 resulted in higher pods number, pods weight, seeds number and 100 seeds weight which were significantly higher than the lowest due to SAMPEA 7 and SAMPEA 9 in both Trials. At Trial I, the highest number of Alectra shoot was due to 45 and 30kgN/ha manure treatment and significantly higher than the lowest due to control and 15kgN/ha in both Trials. Variety SAMPEA 7 produced the highest number of Alectra shoots followed by variety SAMPEA 9 which was significantly higher than the lowest produced by variety SAMPEA 14. In conclusion, application of manures treatments at 15-45kgN/ha generally enhanced vegetative growth and yield parameters of cowpea varieties on Alectra inoculated soil. The 45kgN/ha sheep manure treatment had the highest incidence of Alectra vogelii but was also observed to have produced the highest grain weight. In view of these findings, it was recommended that the manures should be considered as an efficient control measure for Alectra infestation on susceptible cowpea varieties Also, for better vegetative growth and of cowpea, tolerant variety such as SAMPEA 14 should be cultivated most especially for commercial purposes. 


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